Imingcipheko emihlanu yeMidlalo yaNgaphandle

Kwiintaba nakwezinye iindawo zendalo, kukho izinto ezahlukeneyo ezinobungozi obunobunzima, ezinokubangela izoyikiso kunye nokulimala kwabakhweli nanini na, okukhokelela kwiintlekele ezahlukeneyo zeentaba.Masithathe amanyathelo othintelo kunye!Uninzi lwabathandi bezemidlalo bangaphandle abanamava kunye nokungabikho kombono wemingcipheko eyahlukeneyo;abanye abantu banokuyibona kwangaphambili imingcipheko, kodwa banokuzithemba ngokugqithiseleyo kwaye bajonge ubunzima;abanye abanamoya weqela, abayilandeli ingcebiso yenkokeli yeqela, kwaye bakhetha ukwenza ezabo izinto.Zonke ezi zinokuba yingozi efihlakeleyo yeengozi.

1. Isigulo esiphakamileyo

Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lwe-atmospheric kwinqanaba lolwandle luyi-760 millimeters ye-mercury, kwaye umxholo we-oxygen emoyeni malunga ne-21%.Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-altitude iphezulu kune-3000 yeemitha, indawo ephakamileyo yokuphakama.Uninzi lwabantu luqala ukugula kwi-altitude kule ndawo.Ngoko ke, ukuphakama kwemihla ngemihla kufuneka kulawulwe, kwaye ukuphakama kwemihla ngemihla kufuneka kulawulwe malunga neemitha ezingama-700 kangangoko kunokwenzeka.Okwesibini, gcina uhambo lusengqiqweni, yaye musa ukudinwa ngokugqithiseleyo.Okwesithathu, sela amanzi amaninzi kwaye utye ukutya okunesondlo.Okwesine, simele sihlale silala ngokwaneleyo.

2.Lishiye iqela

Endle, kuyingozi kakhulu ukushiya iqela.Ukuthintela le meko, uqeqesho kufuneka lugxininiswe ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngaphambi kokuhamba;usekela-nkokeli weqela kufuneka alungiselelwe ukuba abeke elinye ixesha.

Xa amalungu eqela ngalinye elishiya iqela okwethutyana ngenxa yokuwohloka komzimba okanye ngenxa yezinye izizathu (ezifana nokuya kwindlu yangasese embindini wendlela), afanele ngoko nangoko axelele iqela langaphambili ukuba liphumle ngaphambi kokumisa, aze alungiselele ukuba ubani apheleke loo mntu. ilungu leqela.Nokuba imeko injani na, kumele kubekho abantu abangaphezu kwesibini.Isenzo, kunqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukwenza yedwa.

3. Ilahlekile

Kwindawo yasendle ngaphandle komzila obethwayo.Ingakumbi emahlathini apho kukhula amatyholo okanye apho kukho amatye amakhulu, kulula ukulahleka ngokungazi kuba awukwazi ukubona ngokucacileyo iinyawo.Ngamanye amaxesha unokulahleka emvuleni, yinkungu okanye ngorhatya ngenxa yokungabikho kokubonakalayo.

Xa ulahleka, ungaze uphakuzele kwaye uhambe-hamba, njengoko oku kuya kukwenza uphazamiseke ngakumbi.Okokuqala, kufuneka kuthule.phumla kancinci.Emva koko, zama ukufumana indawo othembele kuyo. Phawula endleleni.Kwaye urekhode indawo yala manqaku kwincwadana.

4. Umgxobhozo

Ubume bomgxobhozo bubunjwa ikakhulu yintlenge.Umgca wokudityaniswa owenziwe ngamathambeka amabini omqolo uthatha ithuba lokuqukuqela ukuhla kumanzi emvula aqokelelweyo ukuya kwidama emva komgama omde noko.Amanzi emvula akhukulisa umhlaba kunye nesanti ecolekileyo, yaye amanzi emvula ayaqukuqela xa engena kwidama.Waya kungena kwelo dama, kodwa udaka lwasala lusenza umgxobhozo—umgxobhozo.

Xa uwela umlambo kwi-gully ecaleni kwe-reservoir okanye umlambo, kufuneka uqaphele ngokucophelela umhlaba kwaye ukhethe icandelo eliqinileyo elifanelekileyo lokuwela umlambo.Ukuba uyakwazi ukujikeleza, musa ukuthatha umngcipheko.Ngaphambi kokuwela umlambo, lungisa iintambo kwaye usebenze ngokuhambelana namaqhinga okuwela umlambo endle.

5. Ukulahleka kobushushu

Ubushushu bomzimba obungundoqo bomzimba womntu bungama-36.5-37 degrees, kwaye ubuso bezandla neenyawo bungama-35 degrees.Iimbangela eziqhelekileyo ze-hypothermia ziquka iimpahla ezibandayo kunye nezimanzi, umoya obandayo emzimbeni, indlala, ukudinwa, ukuguga kunye nobuthathaka.Xa udibana nokulahleka kobushushu.Okokuqala, gcina amandla omzimba, yeka imisebenzi okanye inkampu ngokukhawuleza, kwaye uqhubeke nokutya ukutya okunekhalori ephezulu.Okwesibini, phuma kwindawo enzima yobushushu obuphantsi, khulula iimpahla ezibandayo nezimanzi ngexesha, kwaye ubeke iimpahla ezifudumeleyo nezishushu.Okwesithathu, thintela i-hypothermia eqhubekayo, uncede ukubuyisela ubushushu bomzimba, kwaye utye amanzi ashushu aneswekile.Okwesine, hlala uphaphile, unike ukutya okushushu, ulale ngomqolo kwaye uphose i-thermos kwibhegi yakho yokulala okanye uqhube ubushushu bomzimba womhlanguli.